Diclofenac

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, swelling, and inflammation. It is commonly prescribed for joint pain, arthritis, muscle pain, back pain, dental pain, and pain after injury or surgery. Diclofenac works by reducing the production of prostaglandins, the chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation. It is available as tablets, injections, and topical gels. It should be used carefully, preferably after food, as it may cause stomach irritation and should only be taken as advised by a doctor.

Diclofenac is a commonly prescribed medicine that belongs to the class of drugs known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is mainly used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation (swelling), and improve movement in conditions involving inflammation and tissue damage.

Diclofenac is widely used for treating joint and muscle-related problems such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, back pain, neck pain, shoulder pain, sports injuries, sprains, strains, and post-operative pain. It is also used for dental pain, menstrual cramps, migraine attacks, and pain following trauma or injury.

Diclofenac works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes responsible for producing prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are chemicals that play a major role in causing pain, swelling, inflammation, and fever. By reducing the production of prostaglandins, diclofenac effectively reduces pain and inflammation at the source.

It is available in several forms including tablets, capsules, sustained-release tablets, injections, suppositories, and topical gels or sprays for local application. The dosage and form depend on the severity of the condition, the patient’s age, and medical history. It is usually recommended to take oral diclofenac after food to reduce stomach irritation.

Although diclofenac is effective, it can cause side effects such as stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, heartburn, and in some cases stomach ulcers or bleeding, especially with long-term use. It may also increase the risk of heart-related problems, liver enzyme elevation, and kidney issues, particularly in people with existing heart, liver, or kidney disease.

Diclofenac should be used with caution in elderly patients, those with a history of ulcers, high blood pressure, heart disease, liver or kidney problems, and in pregnant women, especially during the third trimester. It should always be used under medical guidance and for the shortest duration necessary.

Overall, diclofenac is a powerful and effective anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medicine when used appropriately, making it a common choice for managing inflammatory pain conditions.