Ibuprofen is a widely used medicine belonging to a group of drugs called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation (swelling), and lower fever. Because it treats both pain and inflammation, it is especially useful in conditions where swelling is a major cause of discomfort.
Ibuprofen is commonly used for headaches, toothache, back pain, muscle pain, joint pain, sprains, sports injuries, menstrual cramps, and inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. It is also used to reduce fever and relieve symptoms associated with colds, flu, and viral infections.
Ibuprofen works by blocking the action of an enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX), which is involved in the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are chemicals in the body that cause pain, inflammation, swelling, and fever. By reducing prostaglandin production, ibuprofen helps to control pain and inflammation at the source.
Ibuprofen is available in different forms including tablets, capsules, syrups, suspensions for children, topical gels, and intravenous forms in hospitals. The dose depends on age, weight, and medical condition. It is important to take ibuprofen after food or with milk to reduce the risk of stomach irritation.
While ibuprofen is generally safe when used for short periods and in the correct dose, it can cause side effects such as stomach pain, heartburn, nausea, and in rare cases stomach ulcers or bleeding. Long-term or high-dose use may increase the risk of kidney problems, high blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke, especially in older adults or those with existing health conditions.
People with a history of stomach ulcers, kidney disease, heart disease, asthma triggered by NSAIDs, or those who are pregnant (especially in the later stages) should use ibuprofen only under medical advice.
Overall, ibuprofen is an effective and reliable medicine for managing pain, inflammation, and fever when used responsibly and for the appropriate duration.
